Lec : 1 Modules / Lectures Intro Video WEEK 01 Lecture 01: Introduction Lecture 02: Various Routes of steelmaking Lecture 03: The Iron Blast Furnace Lecture 04: Thermodynamics of BF ironmaking Lecture 05: Thermodynamics of BF Ironmaking (continued) WEEK 02 WEEK 03 WEEK 04 WEEK 05 WEEK 06 WEEK 07 WEEK 08 WEEK 09 WEEK 10 WEEK 11 WEEK 12 Live Session
One way to intensify the process of electric steelmaking is to carry out the dephosphorization also at the same time of melting. Dephosphorization requires the slag of specific basicity (), and for that purpose, lime and iron ore/mill scale are added to the furnace together along with the charge.
Processes that produce iron by reduction of iron ore (in solid state) below the melting point are generally classified as DR processes. B a s e do nt h e types of reductant used, DR processes can
process has revolutionized the steel making process because it is costefficient, has high productivity and easy to operate [7]. Iron and Steelmaking Slags
reduction method that directly utilizes iron ore fines without a pellet production process5 and the use of BFgrade or lowergrade iron ore as a raw material for DRI Therefore, it is highly likely that securing raw material diversification technologies will function as a ''bottleneck'' in replacing the
Route 1: The integrated steelmaking route, based on the blast furnace (BF) and basic oxygen furnace (BOF), which uses raw materials including iron ore, coal, limestone and recycled steel.
eastern region, the Chiria mines Will be the sole source of iron ore for SAIL's four integrated steel plants at Bokaro, Burnpur, Durgapur and Rourkela. Sponge iron or Directreduced Iron (DR]). is mostly used for steel making through conventional melting and treatment process in Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) or Induction Furnace (IF).
The second process is the direct reduction of iron ore in a shaft furnace operated with hydrogen only. The third process is the melting of the carbonfree direct reduced iron in an ... The rest of the route, the steelmaking process that employs an electric arc furnace (EAF), is the same as the usual route for making steel from recycled scrap or ...
BFBOF route employs a blast furnace (BF) to reduce the iron ore to molten iron and subsequently refined to steel in a basic oxygen furnace (BOF). As the dominant technology for primary steelmaking, BFBOF route produced 71% of global crude steel production, over 1279 million tons in 2018 [(Worldsteel Association, 2019]].
1. Ahindra Ghosh and Amit Chatterjee: Ironmaking and Steelmaking Theory and Practice, PrenticeHall of India Private Limited, 2008. 2. Dipak Mazumdar, A First Course in Iron and Steel Making, University PressIIM2015 Suggested reference books 1. An introduction to modern steel making, R. H. Tupkary, Khanna Publishers (2000) 2.
Table 3 and Figure 3 show the life cycle evaluation endpoint of the steelmaking system, which is obtained by classifying and weighing all intermediate damage types. It can be seen from Figure 3 that molten iron, scrap steel, and auxiliary materials have a greater impact on the environment. Among them, molten iron has a greater damage value to natural resources, human health, and the ecological ...
Download fulltext PDF Read fulltext. ... Steel making, Direct Iron Ore Smelting (DIOS), etc. Notable for . these methods is the COREX process, recently dev eloped in some .
From the DRI furnace, the iron moves to the electric arc furnace on conveyors. Instead of sinter, the DRI process uses pelletised iron ore. But just like sinter, it still has to have the oxygen removed. This process is known as 'reducing'. Instead of coke, the energy source used in the DRI furnace is natural gas. Again, the result is liquid ...
The traditional method of making steel, where coking coal is combined with iron ore, is in direct tension with the Paris Accord and global efforts to curb temperature rises. Yet steel is also essential to every aspect of modern life. ... View the full PDF: Evolution of steelmaking: Scrap steel is a stepping stone towards carbon neutrality
The electric arc furnace (EAF) represents the most important process route for recycling of steel and the second most productive steelmaking process overall. Considering the large production quantities, the EAF process is subject to continuous optimization, and even small improvements can lead to a significant reduction in resource consumption ...
Hematite, the main iron ore found in Brazilian mines Stockpiles of iron ore pellets like this one are used in steel production An illustration of iron ore being unloaded at docks in Toledo, Ohio. Iron ores are rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be economically extracted. The ores are usually rich in iron oxides and vary in color from dark grey, bright yellow, or deep purple to ...
that use electrical energy to reduce iron ore. In electrolysis, iron ore is dissolved in a solvent of silicon dioxide and calcium oxide at 1,600°C, and an electric current passed through it. Negativelycharged oxygen ions migrate to the positively charged anode, and the oxygen bubbles off. Positivelycharged iron ions migrate to the negatively
Steel Manufacturing Process. To produce steel first the iron ore is heated and melted in a furnace. The impurities are then removed from the molten iron. Carbon and other required alloying elements are added to make steel. Modernday steelmaking is highly improved and specialized.
Step 1 The iron making process. As iron is the main component of steel it firstly needs to be made. Iron ore, lime, and coke are placed into a blast furnace and melted. The resulting liquid known as molten iron is then formed. As molten iron still contains around 4% % impurities such as carbon which in turn make the metal brittle ...
The major operations are: (1) coke production, (2) sinter production, (3) iron production, (4) iron preparation, (5) steel production, (6) semifinished product preparation, (7) finished product preparation, (8) heat and electricity supply, and (9) handling and transport of raw, intermediate, and waste materials.
As the dominant technology for primary steelmaking, BFBOF route produced 71% of global crude steel production, over 1,279 million tons in 2018. Integrated BFBOF operations ( Figure 3) include pelleting, sintering, coking, and iron making (in BF) plus steelmaking (in BOF). This study covers the integrated route carbon emission and energy ...
Raw bits of iron ore, coke, and lime are put into something called a blast furnace. Here, they result in molten iron (which is also called "hot metal. Steelmaking. Steelmaking is of two types primary, and secondary. The primary steelmaking process either involves a BOS method (basic oxygen steelmaking) or EAF method (electric arc furnace).
The iron ore based steelmaking. The main byproducts resulting by ironmaking and steelmaking are slags (that represent 90% of the total byproducts), dusts and sl udges.
The results indicated that approximately 2,317 tonnes (t) of zinc from steelmaking raw materials were input into the studied steel mill in 2013, of which % originated from iron ore fines, ...
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